Free Essays on Consumer Behavior

Purchaser Behavior Purchasers have such a significant number of decisions to make contrasted with ten or even twenty years prior. Today as usual, business development relies vigorously upon faithful clients who return since they are happy with the item and additionally administration they have gotten. Be that as it may, first organizations need to carry shoppers into the stores. The organizations carry purchasers into the store by showcasing their item. The normal purchaser would most likely characterize promoting as a mix of publicizing and selling. It really incorporates significantly more. Current showcasing is most just characterized as coordinating the progression of products from makers to clients. So as to respond to this inquiry completely we should characterize buyer products which implies merchandise that are utilized or purchased for use basically for individual, family, or family purposes. The paper diagrams the commitments of promoting through quick moving shopper merchandise. Advancement, which works connected at the hip with promoting an item, permits the item to be handed-off to the correct purchaser through crusades. Statistical surveying must be finished to discover an intended interest group which is utilized for limited time and promoting reasons. The last piece of the plan is the genuine publicizing of the great which maneuvers the purchaser into the store. Showcasing has influentially affected quick moving buyer products through abroad scope of exercises including, advancement, statistical surveying, and promoting. Advancement is utilized to convey data about merchandise and enterprises to target advertise crowds in this way encouraging the trade procedure. Advancement assumes a significant job in illuminating, teaching, convincing and reminding clients. The special blend is balanced by the associations limited time goals and its showcasing circumstance. By and large, in consumer?s administrations, showcasing and publicizing will be by a long shot the fundam ental part and the most costly. Advancement is basically about correspondence. Target crowds need to get informatio... Free Essays on Consumer Behavior Free Essays on Consumer Behavior Customer Behavior Customers have such a large number of decisions to make contrasted with ten or even twenty years prior. Today as usual, business development relies vigorously upon steadfast clients who return since they are happy with the item as well as administration they have gotten. Be that as it may, first organizations need to carry customers into the stores. The organizations carry purchasers into the store by promoting their item. The normal shopper would likely characterize showcasing as a mix of promoting and selling. It really incorporates significantly more. Present day promoting is most essentially characterized as coordinating the progression of merchandise from makers to clients. So as to respond to this inquiry completely we should characterize customer merchandise which implies products that are utilized or purchased for use essentially for individual, family, or family purposes. The exposition traces the commitments of promoting through quick moving customer merchandise. Advancemen t, which works inseparably with showcasing an item, permits the item to be handed-off to the correct customer through crusades. Statistical surveying must be finished to discover an intended interest group which is utilized for special and publicizing reasons. The last piece of the plan is the real publicizing of the great which maneuvers the customer into the store. Showcasing has influentially affected quick moving shopper merchandise through abroad scope of exercises including, advancement, statistical surveying, and publicizing. Advancement is utilized to convey data about merchandise and enterprises to target showcase crowds in this way encouraging the trade procedure. Advancement assumes a significant job in illuminating, teaching, convincing and reminding clients. The limited time blend is balanced by the associations special destinations and its advertising circumstance. For the most part, in consumer?s administrations, showcasing and promoting will be by a wide margin the p rinciple segment and the most costly. Advancement is basically about correspondence. Target crowds need to get informatio...

Identity theft Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Data fraud - Research Paper Example This starts with understanding the different reasons why this issue remains moderately undervalued and what drives a few people to take part in this kind of movement. While web hoodlums are getting perpetually complex in their methods for bringing in cash from their exercises, the general shopper open remains moderately unconscious of the threats. Everybody has known about the wholesale fraud and many have been survivors of it, however few are eager to make the strides important to secure themselves against it. Notwithstanding the expanding quantities of online customers and the relative simplicity customers experience as they enter an online retailer website, there are a few negative components not legitimately identified with the buyer that in any case influence purchaser conduct while deciding if to make an online buy. One of the essential threats being stood up to is the issue of data fraud and data mining being directed on respectable just as flawed locales (Wolfinbarger and Gilly, 2003). Until these issues had gotten some consideration, purchasers were prescribed to make online buys utilizing more customary methods of installment as opposed to through charge cards or online bank moves. In later years, in any case, various security locales and programming has been created intended to help retail customers construct shopper trust in making the more advantageous charge card buys over the web, showing little latches as an indication of trust or requiring explicit security codes before tol erating an installment through shopping basket innovation (Wolfinbarger and Gilly, 2003). While it has gotten vastly more secure to make buys on the web, customers are still forewarned to utilize care when entering individual data and in picking retailers. Regardless of the relative simplicity customers experience as they enter an online retailer webpage, there are a few negative factors that must be weighed before a genuine buy is made. As is accounted for by Steven Chucala

Upton Sinclairs The Jungle as Socialist Propaganda Essay -- Upton Sin

The Jungle as Socialist Propaganda   In the realm of financial rivalry that we live in today, many flourish and many are left to burrow through trashcans. It has been a steady battle all through the advanced history of society. One broadly recommended case of this battle is Upton Sinclair's pivotal novel, The Jungle. The Jungle takes the peruser along on an excursion with a gathering of ongoing Lithuanian migrants to America. Just as a physical excursion, this is an excursion into another world for them. They have come to America, where in the mid twentieth century it was said that any man ready to work a legitimate day would get by and could bolster his family. It is a perfect that all Americans know about one of the establishments that got American culture where it is today. Be that as it may, while recounting to this story, Upton Sinclair draws in the peruser in a representative and allegorical war against free enterprise. Sinclair's disdain for entrepreneur society is available all through the novel, from spread to cover, embodied in the enthusiasm of Jurgis to work, the steady battle for endurance of the laborers of Packingtown, the defilement of the man at all degrees of society, and from various perspectives.   To comprehend the manners by which political frameworks are critical to this novel, it is important to characterize both private enterprise and communism as they are applicable to The Jungle. Free enterprise, and all the more explicitly, free enterprise private enterprise, is the monetary framework in America. It fundamentally implies that makers and customers reserve the privilege to collect and go through their cash through any lawful methods they pick. It is the financial framework generally fitting with the possibility of the American Dream. The American Dream portr... ... the peruser.   Free enterprise experienced a serious assault because of Upton Sinclair in this novel. By demonstrating the hopelessness that free enterprise brought the settlers through working conditions, day to day environments, social conditions, and the general inconceivability to flourish in this new world, Sinclair opened the entryway for what he accepted was the arrangement: communism. With the subtleties of the meatpacking business, the administration researched and general society shouted out in appall and outrage. The tale was liable for the section of The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906. With the effect that Sinclair more likely than not realized this book would have, it is intriguing that he additionally clearly attempted to make it fuction as promulgation against free enterprise and professional communism.   Work Cited: Sinclair, Upton. The Jungle. New York: Doubleday Page & Associates. 1906  

Essay on “An Ethical Dilemma”

Essay on â€Å"An Ethical Dilemma† While still at school I was aware that a classmate was about to cheat on a national examination. Though I disapproved of him doing so I decided not to intervene either by discussing the matter with him or by informing anyone in authority either to prevent it happening or to correct it afterwards. Though my decision was purely out of concern for myself, retrospectively I can see that many circumstances pertaining to that particular situation led to the decision that I made on that occasion. I discovered the boy’s intention through his boastfulness. Something of an attention-seeker he could not resist informing others of his plans in advance, though he was very secretive as to how he would do so. All I knew was that he had a means of accessing source materials while in the examination room without it being obvious he was doing so. He also let slip that his idea was foolproof ‘unless he was searched’; an item of information that told me his intentions may indeed have been thwarted had I or another classmate alerted the school authorities. I believed he was telling the truth. Though boastful, he was not given to dishonesty, at least in that respect. The proof of his boast was to come later with the grade he obtained, a very high grade that surprised his teachers given it was a subject in which he had proved himself academically weak. At the time, insofar as the decision I made to say nothing arose from conscious reasoning, I would cite several factors. Firstly I did not entirely trust the discretion of my teachers. I was concerned that I may have been revealed as the informant and would have to face any repercussions coming out of that. The boy could be something of a bully. Secondly there was that sense of honor that tends to afflict peer groups, including pupils at school. The idea of being a ‘snitch’ or a ‘tell-tale’ was not a welcome one and I knew that amongst my peers the fact of informing would be treated far less leniently amongst my classmates than the misdemeanor being informed upon. Thirdly, this was a national examination. The boy’s activity made very little difference to me; his score would be evaluated along with thousands, perhaps tens of thousands of others taking the same examination. Had it been an important examination taken on the level of a single class, say, then I may have informed upon him for fear that he would bias the grades overall in his favor and to my detriment. Finally there was the sense that the boy’s actions were, quite simply, none of my business. I was not the boy. I was not a member of the school authority. I was not a representative of the examination board. I did not care for the boy either way, neither liked nor disliked him, and informing upon him would have felt somehow gratuitous, a vindictive act. It was an ethical dilemma perhaps, but not my ethical dilemma. It was for others to keep their own house in order. Clearly my decision was taken from the point of view of individualism. It did not serve any goal of mine to expose the boy’s intentions and, indeed, had I done so it may have worked to my detriment. I have no regrets about the decision that I took. Indeed, it has been years since I even thought about it and I only remembered it while considering what to write for this essay. Under identical circumstances I would make an identical decision today.

Irony in Tobias Wolffs Hunters in the Snow and Diane...

Irony in Tobias Wolff’s â€Å"Hunters in the Snow† and Alice Munro’s â€Å"How I Met My Husband† Irony expresses and often underlines the contrast between two opposite concepts creating an indirect, more sophisticated method of communication. Irony is as efficient in a literary work, as the reader can perceive it. Therefore, often times the reader must carefully analyze the material, reading it repeatedly if necessary, in order to fully understand the author’s message and intent. Tobias Wolff and Alice Munro employ irony in their short stories in attempt to surprise the readers, giving them an opportunity for discovery. In Wolff’s â€Å"Hunters in the Snow†, irony acts as a tragicomedy agent, but its role is mainly to reveal the true nature of†¦show more content†¦The main character seems to be Tub, an overweight man with an eating disorder, since he was presented first and also in most detail. Even though Tub is being overly cautious with his rifle by taking the bolt out before he enters the truck, which is not a common practice among hunter s, he later shoots Kenny in a blink of an eye. The author mentions that Tub â€Å"shot from the waist† (91), which means that this was an instinctive reflex in self-defense. The other two characters are Kenny, the prankster of the group and Frank, the intellectual of the group, who seems like the leader of the group in the beginning of the story. Both Kenny and Tub look up to Frank and show him what seems to be undeserved respect. As we find out later on he is clearly unworthy of the respect initially given to him. The irony of the situation is that Frank becomes quickly a subordinate of Tubs will. After Tub stands up to Frank and confronts him physically about the constant bullying, Frank instantly loses face and starts trying to please Tub in any way possible, completely ignoring the wounded Kenny. From being the leader of the group he becomes this puppy, doing everything he can to gain Tub’s approval, as his initial friendship to Kenny seems to have evaporated or never have truly existed. This

The Effects Of Fracking On The Climate And Societies...

The Consequences of Fracking 1. Introduction Fracking, does it have more consequence or benefits? Well first let me explain what fracking is. Fracking is formally known as (Hydraulic Fracturing), an exceedingly confrontational procedure commonly used today to extort oil and natural gas from the earth. Many exponents of fracking congratulate the encouraging economic impacts and job creations. But they fail to recognize the effects fracking have on the climate and societies across America. One online critic sated that, â€Å"there was exemption created by the 2005 Energy act which remains free from most federal environmental regulations, including the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)† (Maur, Alexander). Each state in the U.S has decreed†¦show more content†¦The first step in Hydraulic fracturing is, drilling straight down to the marked depth. Hydrofracking operations can rupture much greater extent of shale rock by administrating wells laterally after drilling. This allows them to acquire more natur al gas. A contrasting conformist natural gas form of extraction, wells are drilled into penetrable or semi-penetrable rock constructions, fracking permits drillers to acquire eccentric fossil fuel that would more than likely be unobtainable for withdrawal. Next drillers inject the well with extremely pressurized fluid. The fluid is a make of water, sand, and lube sent into the wellbore under high pressure. Which then initiates the adjacent rock to crack and release natural gas that has been captive underneath the earth surface. The forced mixture then creates a fairway to the well and consents the released gas to flow to the wellbore. Finally, the flowing natural gas is pushed up by the immense pressure of the gas, where it is collected. When the gas is extracted it leaves the propping agents beneath the surface. The liquid, officially identified a wastewater or flow back water, frequently contains elevated levels of entire liquefied solids. Furthermore, many times it also contains genuine radiate constituents, fracking fluid extracts, and metals. Allies of Hydrofracking praise the commercial developments presented by the procedure and the effect it has on drilling societies and the U.S. economy.Show MoreRelatedThe Consequences Of Fracking . Introduction:. Fracking,1130 Words   |  5 PagesThe Consequences of Fracking Introduction: Fracking, does it have more consequence or benefits? Well first let me explain what fracking is. Fracking is formally known as (Hydraulic Fracturing), an exceedingly confrontational procedure used for the extraction of oil and natural gas. Many exponents of fracking congratulate the encouraging economic impacts and job creations. But they fail to recognize the effects fracking have on the climate and societies across America. 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SpanishAmerican War Essay Research Paper The weeks free essay sample

Spanish-American War Essay, Research Paper The hebdomads that have elapsed since that fatal event of February 15th have been doing history in a mode extremely creditable to the American authorities and to our citizenship. Captain Sigsbee, the commanding officer of the Maine, had quickly telegraphed his desire that judgement should be suspended until probe had been made. The probe was started at one time, and 75 million Americans have consequently suspended judgement in the face of a great aggravation. For it must be remembered that to say the devastation of the Maine an ordinary accident and non due to any external bureau or hostile purpose was, under all the fortunes, to put wholly at rebelliousness the jurisprudence of chances. It is non true that battlewagons are in the wont of blowing themselves up. When all the surrounding facts were taken into consideration, it was merely approximately as likely that the Maine had been blown up by some accident where no hostile motivation was involved, as that the reported blackwash of President Barrios of Guatemala, a few yearss antecedently, had truly been a self-destruction. . . . It has been known absolutely good that Spanish hatred might at any clip manifest itself by efforts upon the life of the American representative at Havana, Consul General Fitzhugh Lee. This danger was felt particularly at the clip of the Havana public violences in January, and it seems to hold had something to make with the sending of the Maine to Havana Harbor. The Spaniards themselves, nevertheless, looked upon the sending of the Maine as a farther exasperation of the long series of their merely grudges against the United States. They regarded the presence of the Maine at Havana as a threat to Spanish sovereignty in the island and as an encouragement to the insurrectionists. A powerful American fleet lay at Key West and the Dry Tortugas, with steam up ready to follow the Maine to the seaport of Havana at a few hours # 8217 ; notice. All this was intensely hateful to the Spaniards, and peculiarly to the Army officers at Havana who had sympathized with General Weyler # 8217 ; s poli cy and who rightly regarded General Weyler # 8217 ; s remember to Spain as due to the demand of President McKinley. The American pretence that the Maine was doing a visit of courtesy seemed to these Spaniards a farther illustration of Anglo-Saxon lip service. That this intense resentment against the presence of the Maine was felt among the military and official category in Havana was absolutely good known to Captain Sigsbee, his staff, and all his crew ; and they were non incognizant of the rumours and menaces that means would be found to destruct the American ship. It was, moreover, really by and large supposed that the Spanish readying for the defence of Havana had included mines and gunmans in the seaport. At the clip when the Maine went to Havana, it was a ill-famed fact that the dealingss between the Spain and the United States were so labored that that war was regarded as inevitable. If war had really been declared while the Maine was at Havana, it is non likely that the Spanish would hold permitted the ship # 8217 ; s going without an attempt to make her injury. The Spanish seaport is now and it has been for a good while past under military control ; and the American war vessel, believed by the Spanish governments to be at Havana with merely half-cloaked hostile designs, was obliged to accept the anchorage that was assigned by those very governments. In position of the labored state of affairs and of the Spanish feeling that no munificence is due on Spain # 8217 ; s portion toward the United States, it is non in the least hard to believe that the seaport governments would hold anchored the Maine at a topographic point where, in instance of the eruption of war, the pigboat seaport defences might be efficaciously be used against so formidable an enemy. To understand the state of affairs wholly, it must non be forgotten that the Spanish authorities at first made expostulation against the Maine # 8217 ; s intended visit to Havana and, in consenting, simply yielded to a necessity that was forced upon it. All Spaniards regarded the sending of the Maine to Havana as truly a unreliable act on the portion of the United States, and most of them would hold deemed it simply a safe and precautional step to ground her in the locality of a pigboat mine. Doubtless these suggestions will be read by more than one individual who will have them with full incredulity. But such readers will non hold been familiar with what has been traveling on in the affair of the Cuban rebellion, or else they will be missing in memories of good transporting power. The great bulk of the intelligent people of the United States could non, from the first, avoid perceiving that what we may name the suicide theory was highly unlikely ; while what we may term the blackwash theory was in maintaining with all the fortunes. However, although the chance of guilt was so overpowering, the American people saw the equity and the necessity of suspending judgement until cogent evidence had been substituted for mere chance. And there was in no portion of the state any temperament to take snap judgement or to move headlong. No other such spectacle of national patience has been witnessed in our times. Unquestionably, the whole community has been intensely eager for intelligence ; and it is possibly true that certain newspapers, which have devoted themselves for a month or more to knocking the sensational imperativeness, might every bit good have been occupied in a more energetic attempt to provide their readers with information. The fact is that the alleged war supernumeraries, which for many yearss were issued from certain newspaper offices at the rate of a twelve or more a twenty-four hours, have non seemed to pass on their crazes to any considerable figure of the American people, East or West, North or South, so far as our observation goes. The state of affairs has merely been one of a really engrossing and profound involvement, while the suspense has been really seeking to the nervousnesss. The possibility that our state might shortly be engaged in war with a foreign power has been a preoccupying idea non to be dismissed for a individual hr. The whole state has known that a fatal probe was in advancement in Havana Harbor ; that coast-defense work was being pushed all along our seaside ; that in all the shipyards, public and private, authorities work was being prosecuted with dual or quadruplicate forces of work forces, working by dark every bit good as by twenty-four hours ; that ammo mills, Fe and steel workss, and every other constitution capable of supplying any sort of military or naval supplies were having orders from the authorities and were working to the full extent of their capacity ; that plans were being made for suiting out merchant ships as subsidiary patrol cars ; that our naval representatives were negoc iating abroad for extra war vessels ; that new regiments of cannoneers were being enlisted for the large guns on the seaside ; that naval recruits were being mustered in to adult male freshly commissioned ships ; that the railwaies were fixing by order of the War Department to convey the small United States Army from western and northern stations to convenient southern centres ; and that while we were doing these readyings Spain on her portion was seeking to raise money to purchase ships and to procure Alliess. All these affairs, and many others related to them, have within these past hebdomads made an huge chance for proving the intelligence assemblage resources of the American imperativeness. . . . When, hence, on March 8, the House of Representatives nem con voted to put $ 50 million at the unqualified disposal of President McKinley as an exigency fund for the national defence # 8211 ; this action being followed by an every bit consentaneous ballot of the Senate the following twenty-four hours # 8211 ; it was of course taken for granted all over the state that the state of affairs was believed by the President to be highly critical. The continued hold of the Board of Inquiry # 8211 ; which had been hovering between Havana and Key West, carry oning its proceedings in secret and keeping absolute reserve # 8211 ; had of course served to corroborate the belief that its study would demo disgusting drama ; and it appeared that the President was establishing his great readyings of war, in portion at least, upon his progress cognition of the grounds secured by the committee. The unanimity of Congress in support of the President created an first-class feeling abroad. Fifty million is a really big amount to topographic point in the custodies of one adult male. It might hold been supposed that there would hold been members in both houses who would hold insisted upon the appropriation of this money for specific intents. That non a individual adult male was found to do expostulation showed a really great capacity for united action in a clip of exigency. It besides showed, of class, how great is the assurance that Congress and the American people repose in the award, wisdom, and public spirit of their Presidents. At the clip of the Venezuela incident, Congress in similar mode, came nem con to the support of President Cleveland. In that instance, nevertheless, there was non the remotest possibility of war ; and the episode was simply a diplomatic 1 in which it was deemed of import to demo that our authorities could trust perfectly upon the whole support of the people. The South on all such recent occasions has been foremost in looks of nationalism. The ballot of $ 50 million, although an extraordinary step justified merely by the at hand danger of war, was clearly an act that no peaceable adult male could moderately knock ; for readying is frequently the agencies by which struggle is avoided. A larger Navy was in any instance greatly desirable for our state, with its long seaside on the Atlantic and the Pacific and its huge commercialism ; while the better munition of our chief ports was an pressing necessity. Since the readyings that have been made so hastily during the past few hebdomads have been of a defensive nature, and since they have been carried out upon lines which had been punctually considered in progress, they will hold lasting value, and at that place will hold been involved a really little per centum of waste. If Congress had been wise plenty in the past three or four old ages to put down more war vessels in our ain paces, it would non hold been necessary to lend 1000000s to foreign shipwrights. No portion of the $ 50 million will be squandered by the disposal ; but it is to be regretted that this exigency fund had non been already expended during the five predating old ages by more broad appropriations for seashore defence and naval building. The great shipyards of the United States, both public and private, are now at the point where, with a sufficient sum of regular work to make, they would quickly be able to vie on equal footings with the best ship building workss of Europe. Iron and steel supplies are now much cheaper in the United States than anyplace else, and it is merely the comparatively little sum of ship building that has been demanded by our authorities that has made it more expensive to construct a war vas here than else where. In a clip of existent exigency, nevertheless, the resources of the United States would turn out themselves great plenty to provide our ain people and the whole universe besides. The adeptness and ingeniousness of American mechanics, applied scientists, and makers have no analogue in Europe. On a twelvemonth # 8217 ; s notice the United States might set about to get by evenhanded with either the Dual or the Triple Alliance # 8211 ; although we have now merely the karyon of an ground forces and the beginning of a navy, while the European powers have made war readying their chief concern for a whole coevals. It is to be suspected that one ground why the American people have bought the newspapers so thirstily during the past hebdomads is to be found in the satisfaction they have taken in larning how a purely peaceable state like ours could if necessary reverse the procedure of crushing blades into ploughshares. It is true, for illustration, that we have built merely a few gunman boats and merely a few vass of the type known as destroyers ; but we have discovered that about a 100 really rich Americans had been diverting themselves within the past few old ages by edifice or purchasing splendid oceangoing, steel-built steam yachts of high velocity and stanch qualities, capable of being rapidly transformed into naval despatch boats or armored and fitted with torpedo tubings. Probably non a individual private Spanish citizen could turn over to his authorities such a vas as the brilliant Goelet yacht, the Mayflower, which was secured by our Navy Department on March 16 ; non to advert tonss of other private steam yachts of great size and strength that affluent American citizens are ready to offer if needed. It is the prevalent sentiment presents, it is true, that nil is to be relied upon in naval war but immense battlewagons, which take from two to three or four old ages to construct. But if a great war were forced upon us all of a sudden, it is wholly likely that American inventiveness would invent something entirely new in the manner of a marine engine of war, merely as American inventiveness improvised the first modern ironclads. We have already in our Navy a dynamite patrol car, the Vesuvius, which in existent warfare might turn out more unsafe than a half twelve of the greatest battlewagons of the European naval forcess. There has merely been completed, furthermore, and offered to our authorities, a pigboat boat, the Holland, which seems to be capable of traveling quickly for several stat mis so wholly submerged as to offer no mark for an enemy ; and it may good be that the gunmans discharged from an undistinguished small vas capable of swimming below the surface like a fish might turn out as fatal to the battlewagons of an enemy as the alleged mine in the seaport of Havana was fatal to our battlewagon the Maine. Presents, warfare is mostly a affair of scientific discipline and innovation ; and since a state where the humanistic disciplines of peace flourish and prosper is most favourable to the general progress of scientific discipline and innovation, we stumble upon the paradox that the successful chase of peace is after all the best readying for war. Another manner to set it is to state that modern warfare has become a affair of machinery, and that the most extremely developed mechanical and industrial state will by virtuousness of such development be most formidable in war. This is a state of affairs that the Spaniards in general are obviously rather unable to grok. Their thoughts are wholly mediaeval. They believe themselves to be a extremely gallant and hawkish people, and that the people of the United States are truly in great panic of Spanish art. They think that Spain could do as easy work of occupying the United States as Japan made of occupying China. Their point of position is wholly theatrical and unrelated to modern facts. A state like ours, capable of providing the whole universe with electrical motors, mining machinery, locomotor engines, steel tracks, and the structural stuff for modern steel Bridgess and # 8220 ; skyscrapers, # 8221 ; non to advert bikes and run uping machines, is every bit capable of edifice, armament, and runing an limitless figure of ships of every type, and of using every imaginable mechanical device for intents of national defence. In the long tally, hence, even if our preliminary readyings had been of the scantiest character, we should be able to give a good history of ourselves in warfare. . . . Quite regardless of the duties for the Maine incident, it is seemingly true that the great bulk of the American people are trusting that President McKinley will quickly use the juncture to procure the complete mollification and independency of Cuba. There are a few people in the United States # 8211 ; we should non wish to believe that more than 100 could be found out of a population of 75 million # 8211 ; who believe that the United States ought to fall in custodies with Spain in coercing the Cuban insurrectionists to put down their weaponries and to accept Spanish sovereignty as a lasting status under the promise of practical place regulation. It needs no statement, of class, to convert the American people that such a proposal reaches the lowest deepnesss of opprobrium. It is much worse than the proposition made by a few people in Europe last twelvemonth that the winning Turks should hold the visage and support of the great states of Europe in doing Greece a portion of the Turkis h imperium. For the Turks had reasonably conquered the Greeks ; and if Europe had kept custodies off, Greece would hold been reduced really rapidly to the place of an Ottoman state. But in Cuba it is otherwise. The insurrectionists, with no outside aid, have held their ain for more than three old ages, and Spain is unable to suppress them. The people of the United States do non mean to assist Spain keep Cuba. On the contrary, they are now ready, in one manner or in another, to assist the Cubans drive Spain out of the Western Hemisphere. If the juncture goes by and we allow this Cuban battle to run on indefinitely, the American people will hold lost several grades of self-respect and will surely non hold gained anything in the sentiment of world.

The Rise and Fall of Salomon Brothers Essay Example

The Rise and Fall of Salomon Brothers Paper The Rise and Fall of Salomon Brothers Treasury Bond Scandal- 1991 Executive Summary Salomon Brothers was at one time, the largest bulge bracket firm on Wall Street. Although it offered a number of financial services, it had established its name through the legacy of bond trading. Its bond trading department boasted of iconic traders of 1980’s era- John Meriwether and Myron Sholes. Salomon Brothers can be considered as the founder father of mortgaged back securities trading on the Wall Street, an area in which it was a near monopolist for a long time with not much competition from other firms. In 1981, Salomon Brothers which operated as partnership was taken over by Phibro Corporation and became known as Phibro-Salomon. With a lot of ups and downs in its fortune during the late 1980’s and early 1990’s, finally in 1997, it merged with Citigroup and became their Investment Banking arm called Salomon Smith Barney. Finally the existence of the name of â€Å"Salomon† ceased when Citigroup decided to drop the name in 2003 and branded its investment bank and underwriters as Citigroup Global Markets. We chose to work on the topic â€Å"The Rise and Fall of Salomon Brothers† as this topic offers an insight into the development of a particular securities market- the Mortgaged backed securities, the dominance of the market player, the culture of the firm and finally the scandal which served as the turning point of fortunes of ‘once the market leader’ or metaphorically- the final nail in the coffin. Background Salomon Brothers was founded in New York City in 1910 when three brothers-Arthur, Herbert, and Percy Salomon broke away from their father Ferdinands money-brokerage operation and went into business for themselves. We will write a custom essay sample on The Rise and Fall of Salomon Brothers specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Rise and Fall of Salomon Brothers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Rise and Fall of Salomon Brothers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The company was primarily a bond trading firm. The private company entered equities in the mid-1960s and between 1962 and 1964, Salomon more than tripled its underwriting business, from $276 million to $873 million. They entered investment banking in the early 1970s and established themselves with Pepsi-ICI merger among others. Since till 1981, the firm operated as a partnership, it had a close-knit culture and partners put the firm’s interest before their own. There were no issues over compensation or credit for work and slowly but surely Salomon was climbing the ladder of being a bulge bracket firm of Wall Street. As Salomon partner Abraham Eller once explained, â€Å". . . what helped make Salomon Brothers was not only the partners, but that the men they hired were hungry. †¦ We weren’t the sons of rich men. † However, in 1981, it was taken over by the Phibro Corporation and became a corporation with the name Phibro-Salomon Inc. until 1986, when Salomon gained control and changed the name of the parent company to Salomon Inc. In 1980’s under the leadership of John Gutfreund, Salomon participated in the leveraged-buyout boom of the 1980s and did deals like Xeroxs acquisition of Crum Foster and was also the adviser by ATT. In 1985, the firm’s peak year, Salomon brought in $760 million in pre-tax profits. In 1987, the company’s capital reached $3. 4 billion. Legislations which fuelled growth The following changes in legislation led to a conducive environment for bond trading and the development of the mortgage backed securities market which in turn impacted the fortunes of Salomon Brothers: * In 1979, the Federal Reserve announced that that the money supply would cease to fluctuate with the business cycle. Bond prices moved inversely with interest rates. Bonds became the means of â€Å"creating wealth rather than merely storing it. † The industry’s revenues rose from $16 billion in 1980 to $51. 8 billion in 1988. * In 1981, Congress passed a tax break which allowed thrifts to sell all their mortgage loans in order to put their money to work for higher returns. Subsequently, the volume of outstanding mortgage loans increased from $700 billion in 1976 to $1. 2 trillion in 1981, and the mortgage market surpassed the combined U. S. stock markets as the largest capital market in the world. The SEC’s Rule 415, enacted in 1982, where corporations were allowed to register in advance all the securities they intended to issue over the next two-year span (â€Å"shelf registrations†) and Salomon Brothers was the industry’s leader. * The protection of the Glass-Steagall Act, which stopped commercial banks to underwrite and distribute most securities ended and the competition intensified. Overall, the beginning o f the 1980’s decade led to an explosive growth in the bond markets and Salomon was ready to jump on the opportunity as it was one of the few Wall Street firms to have a proper mortgage trading department. Culture of the firm In order to understand the culture of the firm, we read the book Liar’s Poker written by Michael Lewis who was a bond salesman in Salomon Brothers and gives an inside account of the culture prevalent in the firm. Bond Traders and Salesmen: The two major classes of people at Salomon were the bond traders and salesmen. More than any other firm on the Wall Street, Salomon was run by bond traders who kept an eye on the market and made most of arbitrage opportunities while the salesmen gave information to the traders about the sentiments in market. The CEO of the company John Gutfreund also started off as a trader and spent his time at a large desk over seeing one end of Salomon’s bond trading room. The trading floor—the 41st floor, which was known as â€Å"Power Central†Ã¢â‚¬â€was actually the power centre of the firm. He promoted an environment of risk-taking and agility and the Salomon Trading floor had minimal supervision, minimal controls and no position limits. That is, a trader could buy or sell as many bonds as he thought appropriate without asking. With an increase in business, the firm recruited widely. The firm, which had employed 2,000 people in 1982, tripled to 6,000 people by 1987. † Due to excessive focus on generating revenues, one insider put it as, â€Å"competing fiefdoms replaced interconnected businesses. † and â€Å"Making money was mostly what mattered. † Also, the mortgage department which made the maximum money had a culture of its own promoted by Ranieri (head of the department) which alienated it even more. According to Ranieri, â€Å"The reason everything was separate was because no one in the firm would help us. They wanted us to fail. † The Scandal This scandal was unique in itself as it shook the foundation of the sacrosanct $2. trillion government securities market which was considered too big to rig. The conventional wisdom was shaken to a great extent and regulations tightened for all the 40 primary designated dealers of T-bills and government bonds. Orchestration of the fraud: Paul Mozer, Managing Director of Salomon Inc. ’s government securities trading desk, submitted three separate bids for the U. S. Treasury’s $9 billion 5-year treasury note auction on Feb. 21,1991. Each of the bids was for $3. 15 billion, or 35% of the total bond offering, the maximum bid the Treasury would recognize from any individual buyer. Since two of the bids were submitted under the names of outside firms who were Salomon customers, Warburg and Quantum, the Treasury accepted all three bids. The Treasury was unaware that only Mozer’s bid in Salomon’s name was legal. The other two were unauthorized customer bids placed by Mozer trying to get Salomon a larger share of the auction. However, what Mozer did not know was that Warburg had taken part in the auction with a $100mn bid and with combined bid of more than 35% in name of Warburg; Treasury started an investigation which uncovered the plot of Mozer. This scandal led to the firing of Mozer, resignation of the top brass including Gutfreund and a loss of reputation of Salomon Brothers which they never recovered. Aftermath: This scandal shook the confidence of participants in the government securities market and led to investigations by Federal Reserve Bank, the Justice Department and the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Treasury Department re-examined the records of every auction since 1986, a total of more than 200, searching for evidence of collusion with customers to violate the 35% rule. Salomon was fined $290 million as damages but it escaped criminal charges. The Treasury however, banned Salomon from bidding in Government Securities market. After the resignation of John Gutfreund, majority stakeholder Warren Buffet was made the chairman to revamp the organisation. He also convinced the Treasury to lift the ban as it would lead to Salomon towards bankruptcy. The firm became a victim of its own culture and finally the name of Salomon ceased to exist on the Wall Street which it had once dominated. Joining the dots Having done a course on Ethics, analysed case studies of Enron, WorldCom etc, made us realise that the frauds/scandals do not germinate over night; rather they are fruits of greed which is perpetrated by the Top management either directly or indirectly. As mentioned earlier, the culture of Salomon Brothers was such that traders were given a free hand as long as they generated revenues and were never questioned. This led to the audacity of Mozer wherein he submitted false bids not just the time when he was caught but in other auctions as well and had landed in trouble with the Treasury before. Had a proper system of reporting and accountability existed, the previous instances would have been known to top management and the entire scandal could have been averted which tarnished the reputation of the firm. At the same time, we believe, Treasury department should have been more vigilant as market participants i. e the 40 primary dealers could always collude and try to take the maximum out of the pie of the auction. Having a system which was transparent such that the bids could have been monitored by all the participants would have lead to detection of anomaly of bids in much short period of time without any extensive examination. The main learning that we can derive out of this study is twofold- * Promotion of Ethics and fair dealing as a part of corporate culture of the organisation following a top-down approach such that lower level employees get motivated from the conduct of senior levels * No matter who the participant is and the financial market in question, the regulator has to be vigilant at all times and have a stringent set of rules and regulations as well as penalties in place which deters market participants from erring. References: http://www. fundinguniverse. com/company-histories/Salomon-Inc-Company-History. html http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Salomon_Brothers#Long_Term_Capital_Management http://www. time. com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,973726-2,00. html http://www. answers. com/topic/salomon-brothers Robert Sobel, Salomon Brothers 1910-85: Advancing to Leadership Michael Lewis, Liar’s Poker Salomon Brothers: â€Å"Apologies are Bullshit†- pdf

body modification essays

body modification essays Dictionary definitions are always helpful in making things more clear. The definition of mutilate is: to make imperfect by excising or altering parts. Mutilation is making imperfect. There are a few listed definitions of art. The first is: human effort to imitate, supplement, alter, or counteract the work of nature. The second definition is: the conscious production or arrangement of sounds, colors, forms, movements, or other elements in a manner that affects the sense of beauty, specifically the production of the beautiful in a graphic or plastic medium (American Heritage...). Here is the loophole. Altering what is natural is part of a definition for both mutilate and art. Therefore, mutilation is art. However, art is not making imperfect. Why is body mutilation viewed so differently than many other art forms? Body mutilation is a form of art that should be accepted, as so many others are. Before one can make a judgment on this subject, a good bit of knowledge is needed. Fear of the unknown can sometimes lead people to form harsh opinions, or to even hold them back from doing things they really want to do. Here is a clear explanation of how these basic types of body modification are actually done, and how the human body is transformed into a beautiful work of art. Tattoos: A Tattoo is a body modification in which the skin is permanently colored by ink being placed under the skin in a desired pattern. Traditionally, tattoos were merely done with a small sharp object that had been placed in ink and then pierced into the skin. This method is commonly used by amateur tattoo artists and often only used on themselves and their close friends. Professional tattoo guns are built on the same concept except that they are normally powered by a small motor and controlled by a foot pedal (Tattoo Information). Tattooing is an expressive, dramatic, and diverse art, whose only limitation is imagination. Tattoos can take up to any amount of tim...

The causes of drug abuse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The causes of drug abuse - Essay Example al abuse, and emotional abuse/neglect in childhood, is a significant risk factor for many psychiatric disorders later in life, such as substance abuse†(Wang et al., p.1). Bitter life experiences are the major motivating factor for drug abuse. It is not necessary that a person starts drug abuse immediately after he suffers a painful experience. In many cases, bitter childhood experiences such as sexual abuse, lack of parental care etc can generate drug abuse like antisocial behaviors later in the life of a person. Physical as well as psychological problems can cause drug abuse. People with chronic diseases such as cancer, HIV, etc quite often take shelter in drug abuse to forget about the physical and mental pain caused by their diseases. Strained relationships and destruction of love affairs or dating relationships can also cause drug abuse like behavioral problems. Some people believe that drug uses can stimulate sexual energy. People, who are sexually impotent, often try to make use of drugs to improve their sexual energy or capabilities. Narcotic drugs create good feelings. There is the initial euphoric sensation that comes with taking the drug, and then there is the secondary effect associated with the type of drug used. If it is a stimulant, the initial euphoria is followed by inflated feelings of self-confidence and abundant energy; if it is a depressant, then the initial euphoria is followed by satisfaction and relaxation† (Ho). Unemployment, poverty and lack of living standards etc are other reasons for drug abuse. Nobody likes to lead a life in poverty. Everybody wants to lead a lavish life. Failure to get proper employment or raising the living standard often generates frustrations in the minds of the people. These frustrations often lead them towards drug abuse like behaviors. Improper knowledge about certain medicines or drugs often causes drug abuse. For example, marijuana is a controversial drug because of the arguments in favor and against it

Impact National Culture on Leadership Traits and Behaviors Essay

Impact National Culture on Leadership Traits and Behaviors - Essay Example The following are the leadership traits and behaviors that may negatively impact organizational effectiveness in multinational companies: dictatorial, non-cooperative, non-explicit, irritable, egocentric, cruel/ruthless and loner. A dictatorial leader imposes strict commands and orders without leaving any space for dialogue or understanding (Hofstede, 2011). A non-cooperative leader is one who does not show elements of teamwork or support in the company activities. A non-explicit leader is not open but prefers carrying out his or her roles confidentially (Hofstede, 2011). He or she prefers when everything is kept back from the rest of the members, especially subordinates. Irritable leaders are short-tempered and are associated with recurrent instances of disputes and unreasonable ways of thinking. According to Hofstede (2011), egocentric leaders are careless of the feelings of others and are associated with self-centered and insensitive decisions, which leave other people socially hu rt and distressed. Cruel/ruthless leaders are unpleasant and unkind management groups who lead others mercilessly and at times brutally. A loner is a leader who prefers being secluded from the rest of the members. Additionally, loners mostly fail to associate with others (Hofstede, 2011). Yes, I believe that multinational managers must understand the subordinate expectations in order to lead effectively. Subordinate expectations are â€Å"expectations regarding what leaders â€Å"should† do and what they may or may not do† (Cullen & Parboteeah (2014, p. 663). Therefore, understanding subordinate expectations help in delivering exactly what is required in a multinational company. For a country with high power distance, I would recommend an autocratic leadership. High power distance countries are associated with dominant individualism and human rights.  Ã‚  

Bussiness Accounting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Bussiness Accounting - Assignment Example All users will have access to the published accounts of a business such as the accounts filed with the registrar of companies by a limited company. The value of any interpretation of company accounts is restricted by the deficiencies of the accounts themselves as a tool for decision making. Published accounts present a very limited amount of data i.e. depending upon which profit format under the 1985 companies account is chosen a limited company may not disclose cost-of-sales. Another problem that arises in the use of published accounts is that the reporting entity may not be the business unit that the user is concerned with i.e. if a company is engaged in several types of activity then an employee in one particular section of the business unit will not be able assess the employee prospects in that particular part of the business by reference to the published account of the company as a whole. b. Assets consumed are recorded as expenses in the profit statement as historical cost although the cost of replacement will be higher. Therefore it is argued that the profit figure is over-stated in terms of real increase in value obtained by businesses. d. c. Assets shown in the balance sheet are recorded as historical cost although as a result of price level changes, though their current value may be substantially higher d. The contents of published financial statements are largely prescribed by the companies acts(supplemented by SSAPs and FRSs ) most organizations treat the companies act as the maximum disclosure requirement and do not give much information to outsider on the grounds of confidentiality and maintaining competitive advantage. e. Published accounts look backwards usually into the past year ,so they are of limitedvalue to people who want to estimate future performance. The current drawbacks deriving information from Current system of published accounts are: a. A lack of sufficient conceptual framework where results are shown in arguably over-complex rules and processes and ultimately in a failure to meet the need of those who are using the accounts. b. Information overload is potentially as much a problem as is sufficient information the complexity of the accounting principles also contribute toteh uncertainty and lack of information by users. c. A continuing problem is the historical focus of accounting which reduces the relevance for users who are most likely to be interested in the future prospects of the company. Solutions to the problem of gathering reliable information from published accounts for financial users: Though the traditional legal model is arguably the more conservative and gives primacy to shareholders'. The current accounting standards debates indicates that at-least recognition of other group interests. A broad range of potential information users gives rise to several questions relevant to a disclosure regime. It is appropriate to

Rose For Emily Essay -- essays research papers

A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner Emily was a woman that cannot be described without a the words â€Å" not quite normal†, and â€Å"extra ordinary.† The story, â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner is about one woman’s life, from her being a teen to her death in her house. The town’s people did not like her, her family did not like her, but when she died, everybody showed up to Miss Emily’s Funeral. The only person to see Emily was her old manservant, a black man that was the cook and the gardener. The only time that the town would see him was when her went to the grocery store to shop. He would never talk to anybody while he was there. The end of her life never saw Emily out of her house. The town questioned this, but Emily soon just became another story with the town. Miss Emily was not always alone. When she was younger, her father lived at the house with her. He was a man without his sanity. When ever a male would come to the house to see Emily, he would great them at the door, and see them off before Emily could even say hello. The town used this excuse for Emily when her father died. He was dead for three days before she would let the coroner to take him out of the house. This can be seen as the beginning of Emily’s decent to madness. Emily was not always without a man. The town was getting sidewalks put in, and a group of colored men from the north was called in to build them. Their Foreman went by the ...

The Human Experience

The Human Experience is a very touching movie. Throughout the movie we encounter all kinds of problems. There are many themes of forgiveness and healing in the movie. This movie is not only full of emotions, but it also helps you reflect on your life, and the actions we make as a humans. We find forgiveness and healing in our life’s by reflecting in our actions, and by taking action and actually trying to be better persons. In the movie we see all kinds of people in need of healing in their hearts. The two most common themes of healing we see in the movie are emotional and relational healing.Jeffrey Azize is in need of both emotional and relationship healing. When he was little his relationship with his father was not good. Jeffrey father was an alcoholic. Jeffrey remembers seeing his father more under the influence than sober. Jeffrey is in need of that love of his father. Jeffrey needs to learn how to forgive his father in order to have a better relationship with his father. At the end of the movie, we hear Jeffrey saying â€Å"Have you ever had a moment where you feel like everything is just right in the world? Time stops, and the stars are in line.It was the first time in a long time I could feel peace in my heart†. He felt at peace after going through all those experiences. He witnessed a lot, which made him forgive his father. He was able to heal. The Human Experience made me realize that there are bigger problems in our world. It taught me that I shouldn’t take anything for granted. Just like the homeless guy said â€Å"One day you might have a home, but the next day you might be on the streets†. This made me reflect on my life, it made me realize that I’m also in need of healing.It made me think of how ungrateful I am and how I never say thank you for the smallest thing. This movie taught me that I could make a difference, by doing something small like donating my time or donating things I don’t need to those wh o are in need. Overall this movie was amazing. I could watch it a million times, and every time it would have the same or bigger impact in my life. In my life I personally need a lot of healing. I’m in need of both emotional and relation healing. I’m one of those persons, who don’t forgive others.If you hurt me in some way I might say I forgive you but at the end I really won’t. I also have a lot of trust issues. It’s hard for me to trust someone, especially if they’ve hurt me before. For me trust is like a paper, once it’s crumble it can’t be perfect. I know that everything happens for a reason, but sometimes I wish I knew what that reason was. I guess that I need to learn how to forgive others, and to trust people. I need to open up more. Overall our society needs a lot of healing. Our society is really not acceptable.It makes me sad to see the way society is structured. Our society is truly ugly. The ugly truth about our soc iety is that no one cares unless you’re pretty or dying. Every day I ask myself what’s wrong with the world? We see that a lot of people are victims of our society, but we don’t do anything to change. Every 40 seconds, someone dies from suicide. Suicide is mostly seen among teens because they are being bullied for not looking or acting a certain way. Society no longer knows the meaning of beauty.It’s hard to grow up in a world where you never feel like you’re pretty enough. In this society you need to have designer clothing, you need to be size 0, you need to have a clean face, you need to wear makeup, you need to have perfect eye vision and perfect teeth; if you don’t then you’re automatically called ugly. We are the ones that are destroying our world. We are the ones bringing all that sin into this world. We all need emotional healing. We are in need of that love. Another kind of healing this society needs is that they need to accep t the way they are.Everyone is unique in this world. I see the world like a big food bowl; we are all different which makes things more interesting. We need to be happy with the way we look, and embrace it. Helping others is the best gift to help you heal. Helping others makes you realize that you should never take things for granted. By helping others I realized that doing something so simple like reading a book will bring a lot of smiles. Not only do you make someone smile but it also helps you reflect in your life. I have learned so many things about me by helping others.I learned about my trusting issues by helping others, and slowly I’m healing. Step by step I’m learning how to trust people. It’s not a big change, but in order to change you need to take small steps, and that’s exactly what I’m doing. My faith with God was shattered, but by healing I’m putting back the pieces together. I’m learning how to trust God, and leaving ev erything on his hands. I’m truly healing. Over all everyone needs healing. It’s not only me, but millions of others that are in need of healing.If you are not content with yourself, it’s obvious you need some kind of healing. If you can’t accept yourself, what makes you think that you can accept others? If you criticize yourself what makes you think that you won’t criticize others. In order for society to heal, we need to heal our soul firsts. By helping others, you realize your needs, It’s all a big circle. You need to help others, one you help them you see where you need healing, after healing yourself you realize that society needs healing, once you heal yourself you’re able to help society become better.

Maine Maritime Academy SAT Scores, Acceptance Rate...